![]() ![]() From his childhood he had seen wine and olive presses.Gutenberg was the son of a merchant and grew up on a large agricultural estate.Need for quicker and cheaper reproduction of books.Woodblock were used for printing by early 15″ century but this couldn’tcater to the ever increasing demand for print materials.manuscripts were fragile that’s why circulation was limited. ![]() Handwritten manuscripts could not satisfy the ever increasing demand for books.❇️ factors that helped in the rise of print culture in Europe :. Not easily carried around or read easily.Manuscripts were fragile and difficult to handle.copying was an expensive,laborious and time consuming business.❇️ Reasons Why couldn’t the production of handwritten manuscripts satisfy the ever increasing demand for books :. Manuscripts were highly expensive and fragile.□ Manuscripts were copied on palm leaves or on handmade paper. □ A parchment made from the skin of animals. Soon the technology spread in other parts of world.Now Italian began producing books with Wood Block.Marco Polo returned to Italy and brought this knowledge with himself.□ Wood Block Printing came to Europe after 1295 because :. ❇️ Reasons for the arrival of wood block printing in Europe after 1295 :. But the production of handwritten manuscripts could not satisfy the ever increasing deman for books.To meet the increasing demand of books booksellers started giving employement to scribs and skilled handwriters.In 1295 Marco polo brought the knowledge of woodblock printing technology to Italy.In the eleventh century Chinese paper reached Europe through silk route.□ the art of beautiful and stylised writing is called Calligraphy. The oldest Japanese book printed in AD 868 is the Buddhist ‘Diamond Sutra’.Buddhist missionaries of China introduced hand -printing technology into Japan around AD 768-770.Shanghai became the hub of the new print culture.Merchants used printed material in their everyday life.By the seventeenth century, as urban culture bloomed in China, the uses of print diversified.Textbooks for the recruitment in civil service examinations were the major producer of this printed material.Earliest Chinese books were made in ‘accordion’ style. ![]()
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